Understanding Gastritis: Causes, Symptoms, Diet & Treatment

By the Gastroenterology Department, VSH Superspeciality Hospital

Gastritis refers to the inflammation of the stomach’s mucosal lining. It may occur suddenly (acute gastritis) or develop gradually over time (chronic gastritis). If left untreated, gastritis can progress and lead to complications such as ulcers or, in rare cases, increase the risk of stomach cancer. Early diagnosis and timely care can prevent long-term digestive problems.

What Causes Gastritis?

Gastritis occurs when the protective lining of the stomach becomes inflamed or damaged. Several factors can contribute to this condition, including:

• Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection – the most common cause
• Excessive use of NSAIDs like ibuprofen or aspirin
• Alcohol consumption
• Smoking
• Physical stress due to surgery, severe illness, or injury
• Autoimmune conditions
• Poor diet or irregular eating habits

Understanding these causes helps in planning the right treatment and preventing further irritation of the stomach lining.

Common Symptoms of Gastritis

Gastritis symptoms vary from mild discomfort to severe digestive distress. Some of the most common signs include:

• Upper abdominal pain or burning
• Early satiety (feeling full quickly)
• Nausea or vomiting
• Loss of appetite
• Indigestion
• Bloating
• Black or tarry stools (in severe cases)

If symptoms persist, consulting a gastroenterologist is essential for timely evaluation.

Gastritis-Friendly Foods

A gastritis-friendly diet supports healing, reduces inflammation, and soothes the stomach lining. Here are foods that can help:

1. High-Fibre Foods

Help regulate digestion and reduce discomfort:
• Oats, brown rice, barley
• Non-acidic fruits and vegetables like apples, carrots, broccoli

2. Lean Proteins

Promote healing without triggering excess acid production:
• Skinless poultry
• Eggs
• Tofu and legumes

3. Non-Acidic Fruits

Gentle on the stomach:
• Bananas
• Melons
• Apples and pears

4. Fermented Foods

Support healthy gut bacteria:
• Yogurt with live cultures
• Kefir
• Mild sauerkraut

5. Whole Grains

Reduce inflammation and support digestion:
• Whole wheat bread
• Quinoa
• Brown rice

6. Herbal Drinks

Calm the stomach and reduce irritation:
• Chamomile tea
• Ginger tea
• Slippery elm tea

7. Healthy Fats

Anti-inflammatory and easy to digest:
• Avocados
• Olive oil
• Nuts

Foods to Avoid in Gastritis

Certain foods can worsen inflammation and aggravate symptoms. Avoid or limit:

1. Spicy Foods

• Chillies
• Hot sauces
• Spiced snacks

2. Acidic Foods & Beverages

• Citrus fruits
• Tomatoes
• Carbonated drinks

3. Fried and Fatty Foods

• Deep-fried foods
• Chips
• Red meats

4. Caffeinated Drinks

• Coffee
• Strong tea
• Energy drinks

5. Alcohol & Smoking

Both irritate the stomach and slow healing.

6. Processed Foods

Contain additives and unhealthy fats that increase inflammation.

Preventive Measures

Simple lifestyle changes can significantly reduce the risk of gastritis or prevent flare-ups:

• Eat smaller, more frequent meals
• Avoid late-night eating
• Quit or reduce alcohol and smoking
• Limit NSAIDs unless prescribed
• Manage stress through exercise, meditation, or therapy
• Maintain good hygiene to reduce H. pylori infection risk

Treatment Options at VSH Superspeciality Hospital

Gastritis treatment depends on the underlying cause. At VSH Superspeciality Hospital, our Gastroenterology team follows a personalised approach involving:

• Antibiotics for H. pylori infection
• H2 blockers or Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) to reduce stomach acid
• Antacids for quick symptom relief
• Diet and lifestyle modifications to support long-term healing

Early diagnosis is key. If you experience persistent digestive discomfort, our specialists can help identify the cause and provide appropriate care.

Conclusion

Managing gastritis requires a balanced combination of medical treatment and dietary awareness. Choosing the right foods, avoiding triggers, and seeking timely medical advice can significantly improve digestive health and quality of life.

FAQs

1. Can people with gastritis eat yoghurt?
Yes, plain yoghurt with probiotics is beneficial for gut health—provided you are not lactose intolerant.

2. How long does gastritis take to heal?
Acute gastritis may improve within a few days with proper care. Chronic gastritis may take weeks or longer, depending on the cause and treatment adherence.

3. Are bananas good for gastritis?
Yes. Bananas are non-acidic, soothing to the stomach, and an excellent option for those with gastritis.